Planters failed to politically dominate the South because...

• they lived in a republican society with democratic institutions such as the secret ballot.
• they did not enfranchise the entire white population of voters. 
• they did not foster party competition. 
• they did not create apportionment based on population.

ANSWER: Planters failed to politically dominate the South because they lived in a republican society with democratic institutions such as the secret ballot.